The formula
Your bill charges for energy in kilowatt-hours (kWh). One kWh is 1,000 watts running for one hour. So the cost of running an appliance is:
watts ÷ 1,000 × hours × price per kWh
A 1,500 W space heater uses 1.5 kWh every hour. At $0.17 per kWh that's about 25.5¢ an hour, whether you're in a studio apartment or a large house.
Where to find the numbers
- Wattage: on the label or rating plate, usually on the back or underside, or in the manual. Look for W or kW.
- Amps only: multiply amps by your voltage. That's about 120 V in the US and Canada, and 230 V in the UK and most of Europe.
- Price per kWh: on your bill. US bills show cents per kWh; UK bills call it the unit rate; in Germany it's the Arbeitspreis. Use the energy price, not the daily standing or service charge.
Why real costs are often lower than the label suggests
The label shows maximum power. Appliances with a thermostat, like space heaters, AC units, fridges and dehumidifiers, switch on and off to hold a temperature, so over an hour they may run only part of the time. Use the hours the appliance actually draws power, or a plug-in energy meter for an exact reading. Devices like TVs and PCs also draw less than their rated maximum most of the time.
Typical wattage of common appliances
Ranges from US Department of Energy guidance and typical product labels. Check your own appliance's label for the best estimate.
- LED bulb: 8 to 12 W
- Laptop: 30 to 70 W
- Desktop PC (gaming): 300 to 600 W under load
- TV (55-inch LED): 50 to 150 W
- Refrigerator: about 100 to 250 W while running; 1 to 2 kWh a day
- Ceiling fan: 15 to 90 W
- Window air conditioner: 500 to 1,500 W
- Space heater: 750 to 1,500 W
- Microwave: 600 to 1,200 W
- Electric kettle: 1,500 to 3,000 W
- Clothes dryer: 2,000 to 5,000 W
- EV charger (Level 2): 7,000 to 11,500 W
From per-hour to monthly cost
Multiply the hourly cost by hours per day and then by 30 for a month. A 100 W device left on all day uses 2.4 kWh a day, about 72 kWh a month; at $0.17 per kWh that's about $12.24 a month or $147 a year. Always-on devices add up even when their wattage looks small.